Brake shoe and method of making the same



" c. D. 'PETTIS BRAKE SHOE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Sept. 18, 192

Filed Dec. 16, 1926 Fatented Sept. l8, 1928 ldl llTEl) STATES CLIFTON Ii. PET'IIS, (It? NEW YORK, II. "2'.

SHOE AND METHUD 0F MAKING SAME.

Application filed December 16, 1928. Serial No. 155,176.

The present invention relates broadly to the ninnutacture of cast articles adapted to have a reinforcing means embedded in prcdetermined position therein, and more par ticularly to the manufacture of brake shoes having expanded metal. or similar inserts inrorporated therein during the casting operation.

In my Patent No. 1,540,277 granted June 2, 1925, there is disclosed and claimed an effective method of holding inserts in position. The present invention constitutes an im provemcnt. thereon-er with respect to the. ease of preparing the inserts and the cost thereot.

In the casting of brake shoes, it is absolutely essential, if a properly constructed brake shoe is to he produced, to provide means for preventing displacement of the reinforcing body which is to be incorporated therein. From a practical standpoint, it is also important to ctl 'ect such an operation as inexpensively as possible, and the present 1nvention has for certain of its objects, the attainmentof such results.

In the accompanying drawings there are Fllllii'll for purposes of illustration only, certain preferred embodiments of the present involition, 't being understood that the drawings do not define the limits of my invention, as changes in the construction and operation disclosed therein may be made without departing either from the spirit of my inventien or the scope of my broader claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a brake shoe insert prepared for insertion into a mold all cavity;

Figure 2 is a detail view in plan of a portion of the insert. shown in Figure 1 priorto the deforming operation;

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view illustrating diagrammatically an insert in position in a shoe; and

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 illustrating one end of a modified form of insert.

It has been found from past experience that expanded metal constitutes avery ellicient insert for brake shoe purposes, due partly to its ability to become firmly interlocked with the body of the brake shoe during the casting operation. In view of the suitability of such material for the purpose referred to, I have illustrated an insert of expanded metal although it will be understoodthat other materials may be utilized as desired.

Where expanded metal is the material which it is desired to employ, I preferably assemble a plurality of sections A and B in superimposed relationship, the sections having been previouslyproduced in any desired manner and bent to the required ciu'vature. The sections utilized have the same characteristios except that in the sections A the slits produced in the body of metal for effecting the expanding operation extend transversely of the insert, while in the sections B such slits extend longitudinally thereof. The assembly of sections of different characteristics alternately prevents nesting such as occurs with inserts all of the same characteristics and thereby enables an insert to be maintallied. of, substantially uniform thickness throughout the entire length;

After the inserts to the desired number have been assembled in superimposed relationship, I may fasten the same against displacement by suitable fastening means such as wires 2. These wires may obviously extend around or through the insert, the ends being twisted or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. In case the Wires are disposed as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 at substantially uniform distances from, but adjacent to each end of the insert, they may be considered as defining bending or deforming zones. This will be apparent from an inspection of Figure l in which the end portions 3 of the top section A are indicated as bent or deformed upwardly along the lines defined by the fastening means. The material constituting the insert has inherent spring-like or resilient properties, and by bending 'or deforming certain portions thereof as indicated, for example in Figure 1, it is ossible to utilize such deformed portions for olding the insert in position within a mold irrespective of whether the mold be of the sand type of so-called permanent type. The deform- 111g operationis carried out to a sufficient extent so that the distance from the back of the bundle to the top of the deformed portions will be equal to at least the spacing desired between the back of the insert and the inner face of the reinforcing shell 4 of the brake shoe. Preferably the end portions will be deformed to an extent greater than this so that the closing of the mold will act against the end portions and cause them to serve in the capacity of springs assisting in maintaining the insert against the opposite walls, holding theface of the insert in position against one of the mold Walls.

Ill

In Figure i there is disclosed a slightly modified form of the invention in which the provision of separate fastening means is rendered unnecessary by providing one section of greater length than the rest and bending its ends 4 upwardly around the ends of the insert. In Figure 4 only one endof such a construction is illustrated, it being understood that both ends will be similarly constructed. In such case, the bent or deformed portions 4 not only serve as spacing means but also serve as holding means for the sections of the insert. 1

By utilizing portions of the insert itself for spacing the insert, the cost of the insert is decreased below that necessitated by the special shape of the fastening means, and at the same time the production of the inserts is facilitated. The deformed portions of the sections themselves have been found in practice to be less susceptible to accidental destruction than is the case with specially shaped fastening wires, and an insert produced in accordance with the present invention is therefore more durable. Certain advantages of the invention arise therefore from the production of a less expensive insert capable of easier fabrication and more durable during the handling to which it must be subjected.

I claim:

1. The method of preparing a multipart metal insert for placing within a casting mold, which consists in assembling the parts of the insert, and then deforming at least a part thereof to provide a spacing member.

2. The method of preparin a multipart metal insert for placing witl 'i mold, which consists in assembling the parts of the insert, securing the same against relative displacement, and then deforming a predetermined portion of the insert to provide spacing means.

3. The method of preparing a multipart metal insert for placing within a casting mold, which consists in assembling the parts of the insert, securing the same against relative displacement by independent fastening means, and then deforming a predetermined portion of the insert to provide spacing means. 4. The method of preparing a multipart metal insert for placing within a casting mold, which consists in providing insert parts at least one of which is readily deformable by hand, assembling the parts of the insert and deforming predetermined spaced portions of the readily deformable insert to provide spacing means for the insert.

in a casting 5. The method of preparing a multipart 60 metal insert for placing within a casting mold, comprising assembling the insert arts one of which is readil deformable by hand, and deforming the en portions of said readily deformable part to provide spacing means.

6. The method of preparing a metalinsert for placing within a casting mold, comprising shaping the insert and thereafter deforming av predetermined portion thereof to constitute a spacing means for the insert.

7. An insert for castings, comprising a main body ortion constructed to become completely em edded in the casting, and having at least one part thereof deformed to provide a spacing means for the insert.

8. An insert for castings comprising a main body portion constructed to become complete ly embedded in the casting, and having the opposite ends thereof deformed to provide spacing means for the insert.

9. As an article of manufacture, a fabricated insert providing a plurality of interslices through the same, and having portions thereof deformed to provide spacing means therefor.

10. As an article of manufacture, an insert comprising a plurality of reticulated superimposed sections with the reticulated uppermost section provided with a deformed portion constituting spacing means for the insert.

11. As an article of manufacture, an insert for castings, comprising a body portion of generally similar superimposed sections, one of said sections having a part thereof deformed to constitute s acing means for the insert.

12. As an artic e of manufacture, an insert for castings, comprising superimposed sections of expanded metal having the openings 100 in adjacent sections extending in opposite directions.

13. As an article ofmanufacture, an insert for castings, comprising superimposed sections of expanded metal having the openings 105 in adjacent sections extending in opposite directions, one of said sections having a portion thereof deformed to constitute spacing means for the insert.

14. As an, article of manufacture, a reen- 110 forcing insert for brake shoes constructed to be embedded therein, said insert having a portion thereof bent out of the normal plane to provide spacing means for the insert.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 115 my hand. a

CLIFTON D. PETTIS. 

